Study reveals possible association between smoke from wood stoves, barbecues and arthritis


According to a recent study published in the scientific journal BMJ Open, a possible relationship was suggested between exposure to smoke from barbecues, wood stoves, cigarettes or car exhausts, and an increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease that affects the joints and can be influenced by several factors, including genetic factors, sex, age and environmental aspects such as smoking, diet and lifestyle.

 


How was this study carried out?

Study results were based on data from the US National Health and Nutrition Survey, which covered a period from 2007 to 2016 and involved 21,987 adults, of whom 1,418 were diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis.

The research focused on the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and a wide range of toxic substances, including chemicals present in the manufacture of plastics, volatile organic compounds, paints, cleaning agents, pesticides, among others.

Blood and urine samples were collected to measure the total presence of toxic substances in the participants' bodies.

According to Christopher D'Adamo, one of the study's authors and affiliated with the University of Maryland School of Medicine, USA, although the highest levels of PAHs are found in people who smoke, there are other environmental sources of these chemicals. It is believed that different types of smoke can emit these PAH compounds.

Study results

Study results showed that individuals with PAH levels above 25% had a higher risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis, regardless of whether they were smokers or ex-smokers. On the other hand, the levels of other chemicals did not have a significant effect. Importantly, the study was observational in nature, meaning that it is not possible to establish a direct causal relationship between exposure to PAHs and the development of rheumatoid arthritis.

It is important to highlight that heavy metal levels, which were previously associated with the risk of rheumatoid arthritis, were not evaluated in this study. Therefore, although the results provide important information about the possible influence of chemical compounds on disease manifestation, further research is needed for a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms involved.